From M/Cyclopedia of New Media
New Media Art
Timeline
- This timeline presents a list of key events that where directly, or indirectly instrumental in the development of New Media Art as a field of art.
The 1940's
- Saw the birth of cybernetics.
- The Atlantic Monthly published an article by Vannevar Bush, entitled "As We May Think". The article introduced a conceptual device, named Memex. This theoretical Memex was a system of document retrieval that foreshaddowed hypertext, as known today.
- The worlds first digital computer was presented by the University of Pennsylvania. Named ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), this machine filled an entire room.
The 1950's
- UNIVAC became the first commercially available digital computer. It was capable of processing both numbers, and text.
The 1960's
- This was a monumental decade for digital technologies.
- Also, the first computer generated artworks emerged.
- Michael A. Noll created one of the earliest computer generated images, "Gaussian Quadratic".
- The Internet was developed.
- The IBM 7094II became available and this marked the begining of computer generated - animation.
- Billy Kluver founded E.A.T (Experiments in Art and Technology).
- Charles Csuri created one of the first computer generated animations: Hummingbird.
- Douglas Engelbart presented the computing concepts of bitmapping, windows, computer interface and direct manipulation with a computing mouse.
The 1970's
- Douglas Engelbart's work was furthered by Alan Kay. This lead to the birth of Graphic User Interface (GUI).
- At this time, artists also began experimenting with video and satellites in performance art forms. The internet and streaming media were instrumental to this.
The 1980's
- New media art experiments continued and lead to multiple strands of practice being created. See: Terminology: Changes below.
- Apple Macintosh marketed the "computer for the rest of us".
Other Influences
- New Media Art was not formed in a vacum (Paul, 2003). There are many strong connections between the various forms of new media art and previous art movements such as:
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- Certain artists have also been attributed with having influence, they include:
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Terminology - Changes
- Different jargon has been used over the last few decades to describe technologically enhanced or created art forms. The use of terminologies has become more fluid in recent years, as definitions are continually changing while the industry discovers new types of media to incorporate.
- In the 1970's the term Computer Art was used as an overarching word to describe art works that incorporated the use of New Media Technologies. The term Multimedia Art was then stretched to include and describe works of a digital nature. Digital Art was the next word to gain currency before, all of these terms changed to describe more specific areas under the umbrella term of New Media Art.
Further Information
INTERNAL LINKS
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EXTERNAL LINKS
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New Media Art - References
- Paul, C. (2003) Digital Art, London: Thames & Hudson, ISBN 0500203679.
- Rush, M. (1999) New Media in Late 20th-Century Art, New York: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0500203296
- Art History Club (2004) Art History Web Reference and Guide, retrieved September 30, 2005, from http://www.arthistoryclub.com/index.html
- Bush, V. (1945) As We May Think, retrieved October 27, 2005, from http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/194507/bush
- Digital Art Museum (2003) A. Micheal Noll, retrieved October 27, 2005, from http://dam.org/noll/index.htm
- Langberg, B (unknown) Charles Csuri retrieved October 27, 2005, from http://www.siggraph.org/artdesign/profile/csuri/
- Media Art Net (2003) E.A.T. Experiments in Art and Technologyretrieved October 27, 2005, from http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/artist/eat/biography/
- The Atlantic Monthly Group (2005) The Atlantic Monthly, retrieved October 27, 2005, from http://www.theatlantic.com/
- Pennsylvania State University (2005) Retrieved October 20, 2005, from http://www.psu.edu/
- Wikipedia (2005) Retrieved October 20, 2005, from http://www.wikipedia.org
Contributors to This Entry Include:
User:Heike Herrling
Final Word Count: 470
Heike Herrling 17:30, 27 Oct 2005 (EST)
