From M/Cyclopedia of New Media
Email: Annette Devonshire
Assignment 2: Research Proposal
Assignment 3: Research Project
Positive Artist Opinions
Negative Artist Opinions
Alternatives
Other Uses for P2P
Social Ramifications
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Music File-sharing
Paoletta, Michael. (10/05/02) Satellite CEO: Let Public Know Who Is Hurt By Filesharing, Billboard Vol.114 Issue 40 pg 92 (Source - World Magazine Bank Database)
- This article highlights recent actions taken by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) to combat illegal music filesharing. The suggestions centre on music filesharing being an ethical and moral issue, rather than a financial copyrighting issue. Paoletta offers campaigns in the form of full-page print advertisments showing the effects of downloading on the "little people" in the music industry. He argues that the public's perception of filesharing is that it is without consequence and offers predictions of the future of the music industry if illegal filesharing continues. This resource highlights the social implications of this technology and likely changes to the music industry as we know it.
Braun, Hans-Joachim (ed). (2002) Music and Technology in the Twentieth Century Musical Education in the New Media: the current situation and perspectives for the future, Enders, Bernd. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, ISBN 0801868858
- This book is comprised of eighteen separate articles on the development of music technology in the twentieth century, however the most relevant chapter is the last. Enders discusses the emergence of new methods of consuming music and the resulting effects on music culture. He also suggests some new dependencies on these methods and acknowledges both the risks and the benefits of this technology. Enders particularly emphasises the music industry's need for awareness and education into new developments in music in order to adapt to the changing marketplace.Annette Devonshire 13:06, 8 Aug 2004 (EST)
Taylor, Timothy D. (2001) Strange Sounds: Music, Technology and Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 0415936837
- In chapter 2 (Music Technology, Agency and Practice), Taylor examines "general trends that new technologies have helped bring about". In particular, he focuses on the music technology of MP3, theories of music consumption and global online communities versus real, personal communities. He explores the idea that these technologies are part of a music evolution that will allow any person to "create, exchange, share and distribute music regardless of experience or ability". Taylor primarily focuses on the many benefits of new music technology rather than any issues of privacy, copyright laws and social, economic, cultural and political effects.
Williams, David Brian, Webster, Peter Richard. (1999) Experiencing Music Technology, New York: Schirmer Books, ISBN 002865324
- This textbook primarily discusses music software, data and hardware, but the prominent message throughout is that technology is a tool designed to enhance the music experience. The authors demonstrate that it is human ability that has created new methods of music consumption and it will be human ability that continues to develop new methods.
Lysloff, Rene T.A, Gay, Leslie C. (eds). (2003) Music and Technoculture, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press, ISBN 081956513X
- This book features fifteen chapters by contributing authors with a focus on technoculture. Many of the authors highlight the social consequences of the creation, distribution and use of technology to shape music. Filesharing giants Napster and Gnutella are discussed in detail, as well as their conflict with the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and Metallica. One focus of this book is the exploration of online global communities where members "construct and maintain these relationships using new technologies" purely based on the activity of sharing music over the Internet.
Flew, Terry. (2002) New Media: An Introduction, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0195508599
- This book provides many approaches to new media and its social, cultural, political and economic impact. As music filesharing has consequences in all four areas, this is a valuable resource. Chapter 5 (Digital Media) discusses Napster, MP3 and the future of popular music in depth. Flew outlines why the technology emerged, how the process is carried out and its implications on the music industry, retailers, production lines and consumers themselves. This chapter provides statistics as recent as 2002 on consumer downloads and attitudes to filesharing. Flew concludes that "customised" forms of music will become society's way of consuming music.
von Walter, B. (Oct. 2003) iTunes Music Store - an innovative service to enforce property rights in the Internet, Wirtschaftsinformatik, ISSN 09376427 (Source - Web of Science Database)
- This article discusses a proposed commercial service by Apple Inc. that could end illegal music filesharing. The author discusses the factors contributing to the program's success and analyses the service from the perspectives of potential consumers and the music industry. von Walter acknowledges business and economical factors and explores the concept of property rights and society's inability to enforce them on the Internet.Annette Devonshire 13:36, 8 Aug 2004 (EST)
Fries, Bruce, Fries, Marty. (2000) MP3 and Internet, Burtonsville: TeamCom Books, ISBN 1928791107
- This textbook primarily instructs readers on how to download music onto MP3. This provides a useful background to the basic fundamentals that will later be applied to social, cultural and economic arguments. The authors devote one-fifth of the book to topics such as music piracy, streaming MP3, copyright laws and future distribution methods. The book's appendix also includes listings of Internet music resources such as Digital Music Australia and MP3.com.au.
Hedtke, John. (1999) MP3 and the Digital Music Revolution, Lakewood: Top Floor Publishing, ISBN 0966103246
- This textbook provides basic definitions of MP3-related technology and instructions on how to create MP3 files. Chapter three focuses on copyright and piracy laws and outlines methods of downloading MP3 music files from the Internet. Hedke also describes in detail the No Electronic Theft (or NET) Act of 1997, and the penalties for such offences. He also explores legal issues surrounding the creation of MP3 files for personal use.Annette Devonshire 20:28, 9 Aug 2004 (EST)
The Electronic Frontier Foundation http://www.eff.org/
Accessed 9th August 2004
- This website has an enormous range of newspaper articles, opinion pieces, news updates, court rulings and case studies all relating to copyrighting and ownership on the Internet. This non-profit organisation aims to make peer-to peer filesharing legal and they provide resources such as lawsuit documents, subpoenas and polls. Their in-depth coverage of all things new media provide a comprehensive range of information surrounding the social, cultural and legal impact of music filesharing on the Internet.
The Recording Industry Association of America http://www.riaa.com/
Accessed 9th August 2004
- This organisation represents five of the largest music labels in America. The official website features an "anti-piracy" section and many articles featured in the "press room" relate to recent developments in the organisation's fight against illegal music filesharing. In particular, the website outlines piracy laws, specific penalties, and what action the RIAA is taking. It details the financial impact on the music industry as well as the impact to the consumer. There are also links assisting people in reporting illegal piracy activities and learning how to identify an unauthorised sound recording.Annette Devonshire 20:47, 9 Aug 2004 (EST)
The Australian Library Journal http://alia.org.au eBooks, Libraries and Peer-to-Peer Filesharing
Accessed 12th August 2004
- This article written by Mark Hoorebeek in January 2003, outlines one of the most significant events in the history of music filesharing - the rise and fall of Napster, one of the most prominent sources of music on the Internet. Hoorebeek details the history of the Napster empire, why it was so popular, the numerous lawsuits filed against it, and most significantly for this assignment, how the technology behind Napster works. He also covers piracy control and the law relating to this area not only in Australia, but also in America and Europe. To understand the impact of peer-to-peer filesharing on the music industry, we must begin at the origin of this music technology.
Wired News http://www.wired.com The Day The Napster Died
Accessed 12th August 2004
- This article published on May 15th 2002 by Brad King followed the closing-down of Napster just a few days earlier. King likens the software to other activities from generations before - "The revolutionary software allowed people to use the Internet to do what they had done for years in neighborhoods, schoolyards and concert venues: they swapped music". He outlines the immediate affect on the music industry (that year being the worst for CD sales) and describes the companies following in Napster's footsteps (Kazaa, Morpheus, BearShare, Gnutella). King details previous problems with finding music on the Internet and explains why there was a vacancy for Napster in the marketplace. He raises questions of innovative technology and likens the new methods of music consumption to the introduction of the VCR, and suggests society needs a new set of laws for the "digital age".Annette Devonshire 16:21, 12 Aug 2004 (EST)
