mail to:cb.horgan@student.qut.edu.au

Assignment 2/3 Peer_to_Peer_Music_Filesharing

Contents 1 Annotated Bibliography 1.1 TOPIC: P2P Filesharing (music downloading) 1.1.1 1. Filesharing & effects on the music industry 1.1.2 2. Filesharing & the effects on consumers

Annotated Bibliography

TOPIC: P2P Filesharing (music downloading)

The topic 'Peer To Peer Filesharing' will be explored, primarily focussing on music downloading. By examining the popular new media technologies enabling internet users access to millions of downloadable music tracks, research will firstly illustrate the implications that downloading has had in the music industry. The second component of research will investigate the effects that downloading has had on consumers, and the dangers involved in filesharing that the consumer may not be aware of.

1. Filesharing & effects on the music industry

Boyle,J. (1997) "Shamans, Software and Spleens:Law and the Construction of the Information Society", Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.

This adaptation from Boyle 1997:156 contains diagraph information explaining two opposite visions of intellectual property. This book provides an insight into copyright and intellectual property issues relevant to peer-to-peer file sharing in many genres. The diagrams particularly provide comprehensive external viewpoints regarding the differences between information on the internet viewed as a public resource verses information viewed as private property. It can be somewhat linked to music downloading as an explanation into copyright laws regarding the ownership of 'creative expression' can be owned by individuals. Within the research, this collaboration of information places file sharing and music downloading on an intellectual hierarchy.

Bruns,A.(2003) "From Blogs to Open News:Notes towards a taxonomy of P2P Publications",Brisbane:ANZCA03, 9-11 July, 2003, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland.

This text provides a substantial amount of background information regarding the broadness of uses for sharing files on a peer-to-peer basis. These conference papers effectively cover the broadness of general filesharing as a publishing tool. This ranges from isolated, single-writer blogs through to widely recognised, large community based open publishing websites away from mainstream media. The commonalities and differences are widely explored throughout, pointing out potential problems and also benefits inherent within the new media technology. Overall, an unbiased informative paper that assists research predominantly due to the precision defining key terms and overview of site models.

Leuf,B. (2002) "Peer to peer : collaboration and sharing over the Internet", Addison-Wesley, Boston. ISBN 0-201-76732-5

Leuf has given a comprehensive, well-written overview of several representee new media technologies that are the building blocks of peer-to-peer filesharing. This book is diligently researched and gives substantial insight into a poorly understood topic. Leuf balances technical, functional, business, and legal information presenting in such a way that is useful for both music industry and consumer contexts. The book is written more in a narrative style, however is undeniably filled with a plethora of facts and explanations. Leuf brings to light the current and future capabilities of P2P technology and its likely role in the next generation of the Internet.

Quintara.A, J.Ramsinghani and T.Walls.(2003), "Peer to Peer Computing" in Kellog on Technology and Innovation,ed Gulati.R, A.Paoni and M.Sawhey, 287-311, John Wiley & Sons Inc, New Jersey. ISBN 0-471-23592-x

Part three of this text explores emerging technologies and a large section is aside for peer-to-peer computing. Dominant is the history of network computing and the technological journey bringing forth and expanding the current scene. Through detailed figures and dialogue, the authors show the way pure peer-to-peer network topology is structured, used, shared and valued. The investigation into the economics of consumer behaviour takes an important focus angle towards marketing audience research. This is valuable in my research as subsequent external causes and effects are acknowledged to do with the reasoning behind the recent slump in record sales, thus breaking down what major stakeholders and publics in the music industry once perceived. This in turn broadens research and options when considering a major study sequence and constructing a research proposal.

Rimmer,M. (2001), "Napster: Infinite digital jukebox or pirate bazaar?", Media International Australia, no.98, February, pp. 39-50.

Rimmer explores the journey leading up to and surrounding Napster's legal battles. Opinions taken from both sides of the spectrum are evident in this text, regarding the decision to file lawsuits against the owners and operators of Napster and courts decision to diminish Napster software. The Recording Industry Association of America, the trade group representing record labels, argues that Napster illegally connects users bent on giving away copyrighted material without permission. The court battle is being seen as the first big struggle over copyrights in cyberspace, and is expected to define how books, films and music are distributed on the internet. This defining moment is captured in this text, thus providing a 'real' insight into the technicalities of the court system and an appreciation of both consumer and music industry sides.

Vaidhyanathan,S. (2004), "The Peer-to-Peer Revolution and the Future of Music" in "The Anarchist in the Library - How the Clash Between Freedom and Control Is Hacking the Real World and Crashing the System", 42-64. Basic Books, New York. ISBN 0-465-08984-4

Vaidhyanathan presents a series of narrative sections in her book, proving to be humorous and also an academically valid resource. Consumer behaviour is focussed in a cultural sense, as the writer is completely in touch with how many consumers today predate mainstream processed music as the author states, "Music dosen't work the same way for us if it is piped to us, processed for us...we want to groove to it, mess with it, remake it". Vaidhyanathan asks the reader questions in order to communicate a personal response. This vision is important in research as it enables the question of individual values and actions, however remaining consistently unbiased in researching the implications on both the consumer and the music industry.

2. Filesharing & the effects on consumers

Burnside.J & Watts.D. (1997) "INTERNET:LEGAL ISSUES", Leo Cussen Institute, Melbourne. ISBN 0-86394-485-x

This series of seminar papers are relevant primarily towards the internet user as factors exploring legal issues in cyberspace, computing and piracy acts are dominant. These papers take on a report genre explaining the laws behind aspects of filesharing and the legal issues and penalties everyday people may be faced with if found breaching copyright laws and codes of practice. This text provides research with a solid grounding for becoming familiar with online terminology and online practices.

Cudmore.G, (1995) "Computers and the Law", VCTA Publishing, Victoria. ISBN 0-86859-055-x

The legal issues and implications of computer usage in today's commercial environment is the basis for research within this source. Cudmore examines the impact of the computer revolution in our society, comparing and contrasting the growth in the technological industry impacting all our lives. Cudmore examines many negative turning points in computer advancement, asking the question "What price have we paid for embracing computer technology?". As computer usage (including file-sharing technology recently) has given rise to a variety of legal issues, it is worthwhile to research if other previous advancements have had a profound impact on the law, as these advancements have occurred only a small amount of time before music downloading became an major issue in the legal field.

Frost,L. (2004) "French Internet Companies Join Piracy Crackdown" AP Business, July 28.

This newspaper article shows the progressions that other various countries have done in order to deal with copyright infringement via file-sharing, and the consequence level of success they have had. The article proves a realisation towards consumers who actively participate in the downloading phenomena, as it stresses the negative implications involved in pirating. The article also introduces new legislative copyright laws ranging from ending consumer subscription and introducing peer-to-peer filters through to drastic measures describing consumer's actions as criminal and worthy of prosecution. This article contributes to research in both the music industry and consumer subsections, however the dominant direction is towards the penalties consumers face when filesharing music on a peer-to-peer basis. A global filtering system of popular new media technologies is discussed and specially mentions the Australian owned and operated Kazza, thus making Australian new media technologies a global issue and worthy of further in depth investigation.

Good.N and Krekelberg.A. (2004) "Usability and privacy: a study of KAZZA P2P Filesharing" http://www.hpl.hp.com/shl/papers/kazza/KazzaUsability.pdf, (accessed 2 August 2004.)

This thorough study of one of the major players in online peer-to-peer downloading (Kazza) is an exceptional research source as it examines all facets regarding personal research objectives. Good and Krekelberg examine the unknowingness that users have when downloading and sharing files, for example, accidentally dispersing private information from their hardrive which is downloadable by other file sharing users. The study uses a cognitive walkthrough and a laboratory user study to analyse the usability of Kazza's filesharing user interface. By the research obtained by Good and Krekelberg it is evident that users sharing files were sharing personal and private files without their knowledge, leading to credit card xls and email to be downloadable and in turn taken advantage of. With Kazza being the most recent blunder in the filesharing courtroom, tracking this study led the research to take on initiative by making predictions on the future of peer-to-peer filesharing.

Love,C. (2000) "Courtney Love does the math", Salon Magazine, no.14, <http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/06/14/love/index.html>,(accessed 4 August 2004.)

This article was derived from a popular alternative music magazine. Featuring numerous famous music artists, the article expresses differing opinions and values within the music industry concerning the use of the new media technologies allowance of music to be downloadable. The contradiction of opinions within the industry shows highly credible artists such as the band Offspring, Courtney Love from Hole and Billy Corgan from the Smashing Pumpkins to welcome the new media technology. These artists believe that this interrelationship created by the use of filesharing between the artists and their fans acts as an intermediary, and is an effective means of public relations and advertising. Although major record labels in the music industry oppose the right to download, many artists are convinced that it is a positive technological advancement. This conflict adds depth to the research (especially coming from Courtney Love) thus proving industry clashes, impacting on the future of peer-to-peer filesharing.

Caitlin Horgan 13:43, 12 Aug 2004 (EST)